Table of Contents: “…The case studies: Canada: encouraging the use of summative data for formative purposes / Anne Sliwka, Marian Fushell, Martine Gauthier and Rick Johnson -- Denmark: building on a tradition of democracy and dialogue in schools / John Townshend, Leif Moos and Poul Skov -- England: implementing formative assessment in a high stakes environment / Janet Looney and Dylan Wiliam -- Finland: empasising development instead of competition and comparison / Joke Voogt and Helena Kasurinen -- Italy: a system in transition / Janet Looney, Cosimo Laneve and Maria Teresa Moscato -- New Zealand: embedding formative assesment in multiple policy initiatives / Janet Looney and Jenny Poskitt -- Queensland, Australia: an outcomes-based curriculum / Judy Sebba and Graham Maxwell -- Scotland: developing a coherent system of assessment / Anne Sliwka and Ernest Spencer -- Pt. 3. …”