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Gastroenteritis por Shigella spp. en la comunidad de General Roca, Río Negro /
A growing number of acute diarrheas have been reported in the City of General Roca during the summer months, and the causes are still unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of enteropathogenic bacteria from individuals with acute diarrheic syndrome and georeference t...
A growing number of acute diarrheas have been reported in the City of General Roca during the summer months, and the causes are still unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of enteropathogenic bacteria from individuals with acute diarrheic syndrome and georeference the cases (Programme ArcMap with Datum in Inchauspe y WGS84 Field). From August 2011 to June 2012, 616 samples were processed. The cases were georeferenced according to the drinking water storage tanks in the city (high region storage tank, low region storage tank and JJ Gómez storage tank; all supplied by aqueducts from the Río Negro River, and the high region tank also supplied by the irrigation channels during the summer period). The enteropathogenic bacteria were found in 172/616 samples (28%) which corresponded: 29/172 (17%) to Salmonella spp., 12/172 (7%) to Campylobacter spp., 7 /172 (4%) to Escherichia coli and 124/172 (72 %) to Shigella spp. (x2 67.16 p < 0.0001; Odds ratio 6.7; IC 95% = 4-10.7). From the serogroup of Shigella spp., 122/124 (98.4%) corresponded to Shigella flexneri and 2/124 (1.6%) to Shigella sonnei. The detection of Shigella flexneri serotypes corresponded 2/122 (1.6%) to Shigella flexneri serotype 1, 5/122 (4.1%) to Shigella flexneri serotype 2, 14/122 (11.5%) to Shigella flexneri AA479, 9/122 (7.4%) to Shigella flexneri without serotyping, and finally 92/122 (75.4%) to Shigella flexneri serotype 3 (x2 63.02 p < 0.0001; Odds ratio 10.4; IC 95%= 5.3-17). Shigella flexneri serotype 3 was isolated more often in children under 5 years old (p=0.0007), in relation to the other age groups. The 70.4% of Shigella spp. isolations were obtained during the summer period between December and March. Moreover, 64.5% belonged to those households which are supplied by the high region storage tank (p=0.0004) which distributes water to the north area of the city, area in the living families of lower socio-economic resources. The increase in the frequency of the gastroenteritis by Shigella spp. might be associated with the network water supply and would affect certain areas in situations of social marginality.
