Saint

In
Christian belief, a
saint is a person who is recognized as having an exceptional degree of
holiness,
likeness, or closeness to
God. However, the use of the term ''saint'' depends on the context and
denomination. In
Anglican,
Oriental Orthodox, and
Lutheran doctrine, all of their faithful deceased in
Heaven are considered to be saints, but a selected few are considered worthy of greater honor or emulation. Official
ecclesiastical recognition, and
veneration, is conferred on some denominational saints through the process of
canonization in the Catholic Church or
glorification in the Eastern Orthodox Church after their approval. In many
Protestant denominations, and following from Pauline usage, ''saint'' refers broadly to any holy
Christian, without special recognition or selection.
While the English word ''saint'' (deriving from the
Latin ) originated in Christianity,
historians of religion tend to use the appellation "in a more general way to refer to the state of special holiness that many religions attribute to certain people", referring to the Jewish
ḥasīd or
tzadik, the Islamic
walī/
fakir, the Hindu
rishi, Sikh
bhagat or
guru, the Shintoist
kami, the Taoist
shengren, and the Buddhist
arhat or
bodhisattva also as saints. Depending on the religion, saints are recognized either by official declaration, as in Roman Catholicism or Eastern Orthodoxy, or by popular acclamation (see
folk saint).
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