Simón Bolívar
![Posthumous portrait, 1922
<!-- Political Offices -->](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar._Toro_Moreno%2C_Jos%C3%A9._1922%2C_Legislative_Palace%2C_La_Paz.png)
Simón Bolívar was born in Caracas in the Captaincy General of Venezuela into a wealthy family of American-born Spaniards (criollo) but lost both parents as a child. Bolívar was educated abroad and lived in Spain, as was common for men of upper-class families in his day. While living in Madrid from 1800 to 1802, he was introduced to Enlightenment philosophy and married María Teresa Rodríguez del Toro y Alaysa, who died in Venezuela from yellow fever in 1803. From 1803 to 1805, Bolívar embarked on a Grand Tour that ended in Rome, where he swore to end the Spanish rule in the Americas. In 1807, Bolívar returned to Venezuela and promoted Venezuelan independence to other wealthy creoles. When the Spanish authority in the Americas weakened due to Napoleon's Peninsular War, Bolívar became a zealous combatant and politician in the Spanish-American wars of independence.
Bolívar began his military career in 1810 as a militia officer in the Venezuelan War of Independence, fighting Royalist forces for the first and second Venezuelan republics and the United Provinces of New Granada. After Spanish forces subdued New Granada in 1815, Bolívar was forced into exile on Jamaica. In Haiti, Bolívar met and befriended Haitian revolutionary leader Alexandre Pétion. After promising to abolish slavery in Spanish America, Bolívar received military support from Pétion and returned to Venezuela. He established a third republic in 1817 and then crossed the Andes to liberate New Granada in 1819. Bolívar and his allies defeated the Spanish in New Granada in 1819, Venezuela and Panama in 1821, Ecuador in 1822, Peru in 1824, and Bolivia in 1825. Venezuela, New Granada, Ecuador, and Panama were merged into the Republic of Colombia (Gran Colombia), with Bolívar as president there and in Peru and Bolivia.
In his final years, Bolívar became increasingly disillusioned with the South American republics, and distanced from them because of his centralist ideology. He was successively removed from his offices until he resigned the presidency of Colombia and died of tuberculosis in 1830. His legacy is diverse and far-reaching within Latin America and beyond. He is regarded as a hero and national and cultural icon throughout Latin America; the nations of Bolivia and Venezuela (as the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela) are named after him, and he has been memorialized all over the world in the form of public art or street names and in popular culture.
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21
Carta de Jamaica / by Bolivar, Simón, 1783-1830
Published 1972Call Number: Loading…
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22
Discursos y proclamas / by Bolivar, Simón, 1783-1830
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23
Bolívar : pages choisies (choix de lettres, discours et proclamations) / by Bolívar, Simón, 1783-1830
Published 1966Call Number: Loading…
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24
Hispanoamérica en lucha por su independencia. by Hidalgo, Miguel, 1753-1811, Alberdi, Juan Bautista, 1810-1884, Bolívar, Simón, 1783-1830, Carranza, Venustiano, 1859-1920, Yrigoyen, Hipólito 1852-1933, Sandino, Augusto César, 1895-1934, Cárdenas, Lázaro, 1895-1970, Monteagudo, Bernardo, 1789-1825, Juárez, Benito, 1806-1872, Martí, José, 1853-1895, Sáenz Peña, Roque, 1851-1914, Ingenieros, José, 1877-1925, Fabela, Isidro, 1882-1964, Castro Ruz, Fidel, 1926-2016
Published 1962Call Number: Loading…
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25
Hispanoamérica en lucha por su independencia / by Hidalgo y Costilla, Miguel, 1753-1811, Alberdi, Juan Bautista, 1810-1884, Carranza, Venustiano, 1859-1920, Sandino, Augusto César, 1893-1934, Cárdenas, Lázaro, 1895-1970, Monteagudo, Bernardo, 1789-1825, Juarez, Benito, 1806-1872, Martí, José, 1853-1895, Saenz Peña, Roque, 1851-1914, Castro, Fidel, 1926-, Fabela, Isidro, 1882-1962, Bolívar, Simón, 1783-1830, Ingenieros, José, 1877-1925, Yrigoyen, Hipólito, 1852-1933
Published 1962Call Number: Loading…
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26
Pensamiento americano / by Martinez, Jose Luis, Rojas, Ricardo, 1882-1957, Sanin Cano, Baldomero, 1861-1957, Martí, José, 1853-1895, Verona, Enrique José, 1849-1933, Mistral, Gabriela, 1889-1957, Lastarria, Jose Victorino, 1817-1888, Montalvo, Juan, 1832-1889, Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865, Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 1803-1882, Juarez, Benito, 1806-1872, Sierra, Justo, 1848-1912, Darío, Rubén, 1867-1916, Gonzalez Prada, Manuel, 1844-1918, Mariategui, José Carlos, 1894-1930, de Hostos, Eugenio María, 1839-1903, Henriquez Ureña, Pedro 1884-1946, José Enrique Rodo 1871-1917, Bolívar, Simón, 1783-1830, Bello, Andrés, 1781-1865
Published 1944Call Number: Loading…
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27
El imperio hispano hacia 1810 y la génesis de su emancipación. by Encina, Francisco A.
Published 1957Other Authors: “…Bolivar, Simón 1783-1830…”
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28
La Iglesia que entendió el Libertador Simón Bolívar. by Gutiérrez, Alberto
Published 1981Other Authors: “…Bolívar, Simón 1783-1830…”
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29
Cartas del Libertador. by Lecuna, Vicente
Published 1948Other Authors: “…Bolívar, Simón 1783-1830…”
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30
Selected Writings of Bolívar / by Lecuna, Vicente
Published 1951Other Authors: “…Bolívar, Simón 1783-1830…”
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31
Simón Bolívar 1783-1983 : imagen y presencia del Libertador en estudios y documentos suecos /
Published 1983Other Authors: “…Bolívar, Simón, 1783-1830…”
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32
El pensamiento vivo de Bolívar / by Blanco-Fombona, Rufino, 1874-1944
Published 1958Other Authors: “…Bolívar, Simón, 1783-1830…”
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33
Las cuatro estaciones de Manuela. Una biografía. Los amores de Manuela Saenz y Simón Bolívar / by Von Hagen, Victor W.
Published 1957Other Authors:Call Number: Loading…
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34
Tres documentos de nuestra América.
Published 2008Other Authors: “…Bolivar, Simón, 1783-1830…”
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35
San Martín y Simón Bolívar : glorifobia y cochranismo póstumos. by Guastavino, Juan Estevan
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36
La amante inmortal : los amores de Simón Bolivar y Manuela Sáenz / by Hagen, Víctor W. von, 1908-
Published 1958Other Authors: “…Bolívar, Simón 1783-1830…”
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37
Retratos públicos: pintura y fotografía en la construcción de imágenes heróicas en América Latina dede el siglo XIX/ by Malosetti Costa, Laura
Published 2022Other Authors:Call Number: Loading…
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Pensamiento conservador, 1815-1898 /
Published 1978Other Authors:Call Number: Loading…
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